About the monastery

The Necropolis

The monastery necropolis was one of the largest in Moscow.

The Necropolis


The monastery necropolis was one of the largest in Moscow. That cemetery was known, by chronicles, since 1606, but actual necropolis was formed in the middle 1650s, when Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich built the first stone monastery buildings: two churches, a belfry, walls and towers.  Here the Confessor of Tsar Alexey Mikhaylovich was buried – Stefan Vonifatiev, the Abbot of Annunciation Cathedral, also representatives of such noble families as Golovin and Obolensky. Of course, the graves of such persons could not coexist with the stinking beggars.

The traditional location of the cemetery was the western part of the monastery. In 1886 the cemetery occupied ¾ of its area. According to the data of 1928, the necropolis (closed for burials at that time), occupied 5.4 hectares (for comparison, in Danilovsky and Simonov monasteries – 2, 1 hectares, in Novospassky – 3, 5 hectares). The Resurrection Cathedral seemed to dominate over the Necropol territory; the nearby Intercession church and the Belltower organized the eastern – residential and household part of the monastery.

The cemetery of Intercession monastery was one of the four, located within the city, together with Novodevichie, Donskoe and Spas-Andronievo, where the burials were permitted since XVIII. The most of the people buried here belonged to category of prominent persons from noble and merchant estates. At the same time, the Intercession monastery became the main burial place for the Moscow merchants.

By the beginning of XX century, the necropolis of Intercession monastery contained about one and a half thousand tombstones. It was among the unique historical and memorial values of Russia. The representatives of the Georgian Royal houses of the XIX century, as well as a number of prominent representatives of Georgian clergy were traditionally buried here. Most of them were buried in the Intercession church, in the crypt under the chapel of St. Jonah. Among them are Georgian Metropolitan Jonah (1821), Archbishop Pafnutiy (1823); Tsar George XIII and his children - Tsarevich Ilya (1854), Okropir (1857), Irakli (1859); Abashidze Daria Solomonovna, daughter of Imereti king Solomon the Great (1827).

This part of the necropolis of the monastery could only be associated with the burial vault of the Georgia rulers Bagrationi in the Donskoy monastery. These two tombs were almost a single whole and served as a monument to the most important event of the new history – Georgia's entry into the Russian Empire.

In the Church of the intercession, except the highest Georgian aristocracy, well known noble families were represented – Obolensky and Lobkov, and also Moscow merchant families Karelin and Gubonin. Speaking of "merchant necropolis", about 20 burials of representatives of the famous Botkin family should be noted. Before the Soviet destruction, these graves located in "circle" about 30 meters to the South from the Resurrection Cathedral. The Botkin family has many famous people among the buried in the Intercession monastery. They are: Vasily Petrovich Botkin (1869) – writer, art historian, brother of the medical celebrity of S. P. Botkin; Dmitry Petrovich (1889) – a Chairman of the Society of arts, founder of the picture gallery in Moscow; Nikolai Petrovich (1869) - known for friendship with the writer N. Gogol; tea magnates Peter Petrovich Botkin (1907) and Peter Kononovich (1853) - the father of all listed here brothers Botkins.

After the Botkins on the cemetery stood out the "colony" of the Khludov merchants. The most impressive tombstone for the representatives of this family was a luxuriously decorated chapel, under which there were graves of Gerasim Ivanovich Khludov (1885), his wife and the son. G.I.Khludov was a merchant-philanthropist, collector of paintings by Russian artists. However, the most famous of the Khludovs family is considered Alexey Ivanovich (1882) – the third son of the founder of the Khludov business Ivan Ivanovich Khludov. He was a member of the Council of the Brotherhood of Metropolitan Peter, collector of ancient manuscripts, old printed books and icons. The gravestone is a large stone carved cross next to the chapel. It was destroyed during the Soviet times. Its copy is now installed in the same place, near the entrance to the resurrection Cathedral.

Dr. N. A. Belogolovy (1885) was also buried in the cemetery of Intercession monastery — the author of "Memories of the Decembrists"; merchant and collector Peter Shchukin; Rastorguev Alexei Dmitrievich — philanthropist and public figure.

Such famous Orthodox ascetics were buried here: the abbot of the Mozhaisk Lugetskiy monastery of the Nativity - Archimandrite Methodius; Abbot of the Moscow Epiphany monastery - Archimandrite Mitrophan; the builder of the Belopesotsky monastery Nicholay; the builders  of the Davidov Hermitage Gennady, Arseniy and Athanasius; and the abbess of the Ascension monastery – Athanasiya; the mothers superiors of the Strastnoy Convent - Paisiya and Taifa. The abbots of the Intercession monastery, archimandrites were buried behind the altar of the intercession Church.

Bishop Dionisy (Khitrov) was buried here in 1896, in the monastery. He was the one who created and nurtured the Yakut eparchy in 1870. The spiritual son and associate of St. Innokenty, the Metropolitan of Moscow, enlightener of Siberia and America. For more than half a century Dionysius was engaged in missionary activity in Yakutia and became for the Yakuts the same as  the Kyril and Methodiy for Russins. He created the Yakut grammar, compiled the Yakut-Russian dictionary and, the most important, translated the New Testament and liturgical books into the Yakut language.

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The monastery necropolis was one of the largest in Moscow.

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